
Studying the discourse of ethereal mediums helps explain why certain types of sounds were thought to have privileged access to the nerves. However, the medical implementation of the harmonium differs from this tradition both in the instrument's generally positive connotations and in the later trajectory of its use.

The linking of the harmonium with nervous effects resembles earlier associations of the glass harmonica with pathology. Balzac's musical fantasies drew on contemporaneous medical practice, which between 18 used the harmonium regularly to help treat nervous disorders. The sounds of these instruments typically illustrate unusual mental states. A variety of harmoniums populate Honoré de Balzac's novels, including the physharmonica, the orgue expressif, the panharmonicon, and the accordion.
